jackson



7 v Sheets-Sheet 1..

J. JACKSON & P. A. MARTIN. SEWING MACHINE.

(No Model.)

Patent ed Dec. 4, 1888;

z r z 0 Z Z w a f JJ m a F Mm 2 NM 5 ..0 Z w mama 7 Sheets-Sheet 2.

(No Model.)

J. JACKSON 8:,P. A. MARTIN.

SEWING MACHINE.

Patentedbec. 4, 1888.

gar

N. Pirznsz mam al". walhingkm. n a

(No Model.) 7 SheetsSheet 3.

J. JACKSON & P; A. MAR-TIN. SEWING MACHINE.

NO.393,98Z. I PatentedDe .4, 1888.

(No ModeLj 7 Sheets-Sheet 4.

J. JACKSON 82; P. A. MARTIN. SEWING MACHINE. No. 393,982. Patented Dee. 4,1888.

.Zzwzivrk Jin Jamzron 'fairz'eZe/Z M73170.

& MW e h S n a e .0 3V N I m R l M .1 AH .0 M Mm w SS .K flu A u J :(No Model.)

N0.-3-93,98,,2. Patented Dec. 4, 188.8.

Mwziozv: W72 Jiazwaza. M/ZZe/Z (15,721, Jr

(No Model.) 7 Sheets-Sheet 6.

J. JACKSON 8'6 P. A. MARTIN.

SEWING MAGHIN-B.

No. 888,982. Patented Dec. 4, 1888.

N. PETERS. PlMu-UMgnpM'. Wuhinghn. D. C.

7 Sheets-Sheet 7.

(No Model.)

J. JACK SON 8v P. A. MARTIN.

SEWING MACHINE.

No. 393,982. Patented Dec. 4, 188 8.

. 7352721, Ja'ZwelaiwZV07a faiwz-lddlgwizbz,

r, Vlammgton. u. c.

FIG/3.

UNITED STATES I PATENT p OFFICE.

JOHN JACKSON, OF GRAVELLY HILL, AND PATRICK ALPHONSUS MARTIN, OF BIRMINGHAM, COUNTY OF IVARlVICK, ENGLAND.

SEWING-MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 393,982, dated December 4, 1888. Application filed July 11, 1888. Serial No. 279,608- (No model.) Patented in England August 1'7, 1887, No. 11,214.

To coZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, JOHN JACKSON, residing at Gravelly Hill, in the county of \Varwick, England, engineer, and PATRICK AL- PHoNsUs MARTIN, residing at 26 Great Charles Street, Birmingham, in the county of \Varwick, England, manufacturer, respectively subjects of the Queen of Great Britain, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Lock-Stitch Sewing-Machines, (for .which we have obtained a patent in Great Britain, No. 11,214c, dated August 17, 1887,) of which the following is a specification.

The object of our invention is to manufacture a cheap, simple, and effective form of lock-stitch sewing-machine.

\Ve construct our improved machines either with pedal and wheel or other driving-gear, or as hand-machines, the latter form being hereinafter described; and in order that our said invention may be particularly described and ascertained, reference is hereby made to the accompanying drawings, in which similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts.

Figure 1 is a longitudinal elevation of our invention. Fig. 2 is a plan. Figs. 3, 4, and 5 are front views drawn to a larger scale, showing the crank and other parts in three different positions. Figs. 6, 7, and 8 are details of the spooland case. Fig. 9 shows details of 'theforked spring for holding the fabric. Figs. 10, 11, 12, and 13 represent modifications and details of the machine.

aid is the frame.

b is 'a clamp for fixing the machine to a ta- .ble or bench.

c is the shaft, working in bearings at d (1, formed in the frame a. I

e is a crank for working the needle. f is --another crank, to which a handle is fitted for operatingthe machine by hand.

g is the needle, which has an eye near the point for receiving the thread from the reel in. The upper end of the needle g has one coil fitting the pin of the crank e.

h 7L2 is a bent piece of round or fiat wire fitted to the pin of the crank forming an inverted V, in the lower ends of Which loops or eyes are formed, through which the thread is passed and which acts as a guide and a takeup. Both the coil of the needle g and the guide h 71 are sprung into grooves formed I round the crank-pin, so as to prevent them from leaving their position onthe pin.

2' z' is the work-plate fixed to the lower part of the frame, as shown. The front part of the frame is provided with a pendent arm, a, having at its lower end a lateral shank, (F, to which a stationary plate, is, is fitted, said plate being composed of a piece of metal bent to form two substantially-parallel arms, in the upper one of which is a hole, 79, and in the lower one a slot, 71:. The needle g passes through the hole 73, the sides of which hole act as a fulcrum to the needle, while the slot k in the lower part accommodates the radial motion of the needle. The frame a carries an arm, a to support the tension device h.

a is a vertical plate, the upper part of which is formed as shown in Fig. 9.

Z is a spring presser-plate made of thin sheet metal and cut as shown. The sides Z Z are bent upward to form springs. Z Z are slots. This presser-plate Z is so placed upon the plate a that the portion of the plate a from the shoulder a to the point 7 (shown by the dotted line) enters the slot l and the plate I is secured by the lip w, resting against the shoulder a, as shown in Figs. 2, 3, 4, 5, and 10. The slot Z is necessary to allow the descent of the needle. The spring sides Z- Z press against the under side of the plate 1', whereby the outer end of Z is depressed and the fork Z Z is lifted. The fulcrum being at w, the forked ends Z Z pass through a slot in the plate 2' and impinge against the under side of the fabric, and thereby press it upward against the stationary bent plate k. r

Fig. 6 is a side view of the spool-case m with the spool m shown in position by dotted lines. Fig. 7 shows the spool-case m in section and front view. with a pin, m which enters the central hole in the spool-and keeps it in position, and upon which pin the spool revolves when working.

The case m may be made circular, so as to form a portion of a sphere, as shown in Figs. 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7, butis preferably made elliptical, as shown in Fig. 8, the latter form being preferred in order to prevent its rotation when the machine is being worked.

The case m is fitted In Fig. 8 the circular spool m is shown in againstthe face of the plate a, as shown in Figs. 1, 3, l, and 5, by means of the plate (L5 and spring 112 ,01, preferably, by means of the plate 2'. (Shownin Figs. 10,11, and 12.) This plate is secured in its place by means of an adjusting-screw and coiled s n'ing s. The plate 2' has an elliptical hole, the diameters of the ellipse being smaller than those of the spool-case 7H2. A wheel, i, titted to the shaft 0 close to the handle f. This wheel is grooved and fitted with a rubber band, 11, having a rectangular sectional form, as shown in separate sect-ion in Fig. l. A spring, a, is fitted to the back part of the frame a, the upper end, .11 being used for the spool when replenishing it with thread. \Vhen the empty spool is placed on 41 its edge is in contact with the rubber band it, and by turning the wheel t the spool is readily rotated and refilled.

The operation of the machine will be clearly understood from the drawings. The thread is carried from the reel 71 to the tension de- Vice 71 Then through the loop or eye 71 down to and through the staple l1, attached to the frame, up to and through the loop or eye 72, and thence down to and through the eye of the needle 1 at g. The needle passes down between the plate a and the spool, and as it rises it leaves a loop in the usual manner, which engages the lower thread from the spool and thus forms the well-known lockstitch similarly to that formed by the Wheeler and \Vilson machines. The tension of the upper thread is effected by means of the tension device 7: and the various turns above mentioned, and the tightening is effected by l the rise of the crank and needle and the attachment 71 71 The tension of the lower thread may be effected in three different waysviz., first, by pressing the spool against the plate a; secondly, by passing the thread through a series of holes in the spool-case in, as shown in Fig. 3; and, thirdly, by passing the thread through a single hole in the spoolcase m, as shown in Fig. 10, and utilizing the pressure of theplate 1 upon the thread, whereby a free and uniform delivery of the lower thread is insured. The path of the needlepoint is shown by dotted lines in Figs. 3, t, 5, and 10, and the motion of the needle is utilized as a feed, thus dispensing with a feed-bar and feed-surface. The feed is regulated by the relative lengths of the crank, the distance of the shaft from the hole 75*, and the distance of the hole 7; from the under side of the plate 70.

In order to increase or diminish the amount of feed, we sometimes fit an adjustable crank and crank-pin, so that the working length of the crank may be altered. This may be effected by any of the well-known means or by means of a U-spring, as shown in Fig. 13, in which figure a screw is shown as the means of adjustment. The adjustment of the feed may be otherwise effected by substituting two separate plates for the bent plate is, the 1 lower plate being fixed and the upper plate adjustable, whereby the length of the leverage between the fulcrum 79 and the stuff may be "aricd as desired. \Yhen introducing the material to be sewed between the plates i and k, the tail end of the spring 1 is lifted, which has the effect of lowering the forked end below the level of the plate 1'. This allows free access to the material.

l. The combination of the frame (1, having a pendent arm, the shaft c, having a crank, c, the spring-arms h 74 mounted on the crank and having eyes, the eye-pointed needle g, hung at its upper end on the crank, means for rotating the shaft, a stationary plate, k, secured to the pendent arm of the frame and having an orifice, W, the sides of which serve as a fulcrum for the needle, a slotted workplate, 2', a slotted spring presser-plate, I, having a forked end, I, passing through the work-plate to press the work against the stationary plate, and a spool-holding case, m held under the work-plate, substantially as described.

The combination of the frame (1, having a pendent arm, (1', provided with a lateral shank, 0 the shaft 0, having the crank e, the spring-arms 71. 7L2, having eyes and secured on the crank, the eye-pointed needle g, hung directly on the crank, means for rotating the shaft, a stationary plate, 7:, composed of a bent piece of metal having its arms secured to the shank on the pendent arm, one arm having the hole L1 the sides of which serve as a fulcrum for the needle, and the other arm having a slot, 76, for the radial movements of the needle, a slotted work-plate, 'i, a slotted spring presser-plate, 1, arranged under the latter, having side springs, Z, and a forked end, 1", extending through the workplate to press the work against the lower arm of the stationary plate, and the spoolholding case 021?, held under the work-plate, substantially as described.

2-3. The combination,with the frame a, having at its front the pendent arm a, the shaft 0, having the crank 6, means for rotating the shaft, the eyed arms 71 7L2, composed of a piece of bent wire fitted on the crank, the needle g, having its upper bent end hung directly on the crank, the stationary plate 70, having the needle-hole k and slot 75, the slotted work-plate i, a slotted spring presser-plate, I, under the work-plate, having a portion projecting through the latter to press the work against the stationary plate, and a spool-1101(1- ing case, m under the work-plate, substantially as described.

JOHN JACKSON. PATRICK ALPHONSUS MARTIN.

\Vitnesses:

KATE J ONES,

Of Aston, Birmingham.

D. G. MARTIN,

Of TVyZde Green, near Birmingham. 

